Orchestral Instruments with each improvements , musical instruments came clser to design we know today. The addition of rotary valve to the simple hunting horn led to the design of the modern French horn. The medieval sack-but ( literary "draw pipe" ) evolve into the slide trombone. The invention of a hammer mechanism for a keyboard instrument crated the forerunner of the modern piano.
In the 1500's Gaspro da salo, the grand son of the lute maker, transform into the first violin. A century later the Antonio Stradivari perfected an improved design and a secret formula for varnish that gave the Stradivarius stringed instruments their special timbre and their reputation as the finest ever made.
By the 1800's, inventors ( some were well known performer ) brought important new changes to the family of woodwinds. Theobold Boehm- a gold smith's son, and one of the finest flutist of his time- invented a new flute with a revolutionary key system. Hyacinthe Klose, professor of music a the Paris Conservatoire, adapted Boehm's system to the clarinet. Johann Heckel brought improvements to the bassoon. ( But his son, Wilhelm, had no suck luck. His "Heckelphone", a kind of low oboe, intrigued almost no one. To this day it remains an oddity, evidently having failed the best of usefulness.)
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